La classificazione delle coste. Il clima delle coste. I movimenti del mare. Il
moto ondoso, Le maree. Le variazioni del livello marino. Le falesie. Le
coste di sommersione. Le spiagge. Dune costiere. Barrier island, spit e
tomboli. Delta. Coste della fascia intertropicale. Le coste dominate dal
ghiaccio. L’erosione delle spiagge. Tecniche di difesa dei litorali.
Escursioni sul litorale toscano
Enzo Pranzini, La forma delle coste. Geomorfologia costiera, impatto
antropico e difesa dei litorali. Zanichelli, Bologna, Novembre 2004, pp.
245.
Obiettivi Formativi
Capacità di lettura del territorio costiero e dei processi in atto.
Identificazione degli strumenti gestionali e tecniche per il recupero e la difesa dei litorali.
Prerequisiti
Nessuno
Metodi Didattici
Lezioni frontali, laboratorio attività di campo
Modalità di verifica apprendimento
Orale
Programma del corso
The form of the coast
Land-sea interface. Coastal classification.
Coastal areas climate
Land-Sea-Atmosphere thermal contrast. Island climate. Coastal climate in
the Low, Mid and High latitudes.
The movement of the sea
Wave generation and propagation. Wave diffraction and refraction. Wave
measurement. Tides.
Sea level changes
Eustatic variations and their causes. Holocene transgression. Future
scenarios.
Vertical movement along the coast (tectonic and isostasy).
Sea cliffs
Cliff profile, wave notch and shore platforms. Human impact on rocky
coasts. Cliff stabilization.
Submerging coasts
Fiords, skärgard and drumlin coast. Rias. Estuarine morphology. Tidal
flats. Human impact on submerging coasts.
Beaches
Sediment source, sediment size, beach profile. Barrier island, spits,
tombolos. Sediment budget. Inlet stabilization.
Coastal dunes
Dune formation and geographical distribution. Human impact on dunes.
Dune defence and reconstruction.
Delta
Delta shape and classification, Human impact on deltas.
The coast in intertropical regions
Coral reef origin, classification and distribution. Mangroves. Human
impact on tropic coast.
Ice dominated coasts
Sea ice. Permafrost action on the coast, Ice dominated coast morphology.
Shore protection
Seawall, rip-rap, revetments. Groins.Submerged and permeable groins.
Detached breakwaters. Island platforms. Beach planform control. Artificial
nourishment. Drained beaches. Innovative and experimental shore
protection projects.
Harbour impact on coastal dynamics.
Beach erosion causes removal.
Field trips along the Tuscany coast.