Heat, work, internal energy, enthalpy, thermal capacities, entropy, Gibbs
and Helmholtz free energy. First, second and third principle of
thermodynamics. Ideal and real gases. State diagrams. Phase rule.
Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Thermochemistry. Calorimetry. The chemical
potential. Phase transitions. Ideal solutions. Colligative properties.
Chemical equilibrium, van’t Hoff equation. Viscosity of fluids.
Fundamentals of chemical kinetics. Laboratory practice.
"CHIMICA FISICA", P. Atkins, J. De Paula, Ed. Zanichelli
"CHIMICA FISICA", D.A. McQuarrie, J. D. Simon; Ed. Zanichelli
"SPONTANEAMENTE. ESERCIZI RISOLTI DI CHIMICA FISICA", P. Lo Nostro, N. Peruzzi; Ed. Firenze University Press
Learning Objectives
Learn the fundamental concepts of basic Physical Chemistry and Chemical Kinetics, and acquire the physico-chemical approach to laboratory practice.
Prerequisites
Courses required: none
Courses recommended: Mathematics I, Experimental Physics, General and Inorganic Chemistry, Laboratory of General and Inorganic Chemistry.
Teaching Methods
Total number of hours for Lectures (hours): 32
Total number of hours for Laboratory practice : 24
Further information
http://apple.csgi.unifi.it/principale.html
Type of Assessment
Written and oral tests.
Course program
First principle of thermodynamics, heat and work; thermal capacities Cp and Cv. State functions. Internal energy. Ideal gases. Reversible and irreversible processes. Isothermal, isobaric, isochore, adiabatic processes. Meyer equation. Enthalpy. Intensive and extensive quantities. The real gases, van der Waals equations. Kinetic theory of ideal gases. Open, closed, isolated, homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. Gibbs notion of phase. Entropy. Second principle of thermodynamics. Gibbs and Helmholtz free energy. State diagrams. p-V diagrams, critical isotherm, Andrews critical point. Gibbs phase rule. The equation of energy. Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Gibbs-Helmholtz equation. Hess and Kirchoff laws. Thermochemistry. Calorimetry. Chemical potential. Chemical potential and phase transitions. First and second order phase transitions. Ideal solutions. Colligative properties. Raoult and Henry laws. Electrolyte solutions. Chemical equilibrium and van't Hoff equation. Fundamentals of Chemical Kinetics: reaction order, kinetic equations, kinetic methods. Viscosity: viscous flow, Poiseuille law, temperature dependence of viscosity, viscometers.
Solution of thermodynamics problems.
Laboratory practice: crystallinity index of a polymer through DSC, kinetics of a chemical reaction, measurement of the viscosity of a liquid.